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bacterial strain s mutans ua159  (ATCC)


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    ATCC bacterial strain s mutans ua159
    Inhibitory effect of BBR on the growth of bacteria. ( A ) The MIC and MBC values of BBR against planktonic bacteria. 10 6 CFU/mL bacteria in BHI broth were incubated with final concentrations of BBR ranging from 25 to 400 μg/mL anaerobically at 37°C for 24 h. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentration of BBR that inhibited visible bacterial growth. At the termination of the MIC assay, a volume of the culture was struck on BHIA and incubated to observe growth. The MBC was defined as the lowest concentration that yielded no colony growth by subculturing on BHIA plates. ( B–F ) The 24 h growth curve of planktonic S. mutans <t>UA159,</t> S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mutans GS-5, S. gordonii DL-1, and S. mitis ATCC 6249 incubated under anaerobic conditions with/without treatment of BBR in a 96-well plate. The absorbance of each well was recorded every hour. ( G and H ) The short-term antibacterial effect of BBR on S. mutans UA159 was assessed by measuring the average number of CFU. S. mutans UA159 was treated with BBR for 5 min ( G ) and 10 min ( H ). The suspensions were then diluted and plated onto BHIA plates and incubated under anaerobic conditions at 37°C for 24 h to determine CFU counts. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (** P ＜0.01, *** P ＜0.001).
    Bacterial Strain S Mutans Ua159, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 233 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/bacterial strain s mutans ua159/product/ATCC
    Average 94 stars, based on 233 article reviews
    bacterial strain s mutans ua159 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-02
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    1) Product Images from "Inhibitory effects of berberine against Streptococcus mutans : an in vitro insight on its anticaries potential"

    Article Title: Inhibitory effects of berberine against Streptococcus mutans : an in vitro insight on its anticaries potential

    Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

    doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00700-25

    Inhibitory effect of BBR on the growth of bacteria. ( A ) The MIC and MBC values of BBR against planktonic bacteria. 10 6 CFU/mL bacteria in BHI broth were incubated with final concentrations of BBR ranging from 25 to 400 μg/mL anaerobically at 37°C for 24 h. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentration of BBR that inhibited visible bacterial growth. At the termination of the MIC assay, a volume of the culture was struck on BHIA and incubated to observe growth. The MBC was defined as the lowest concentration that yielded no colony growth by subculturing on BHIA plates. ( B–F ) The 24 h growth curve of planktonic S. mutans UA159, S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mutans GS-5, S. gordonii DL-1, and S. mitis ATCC 6249 incubated under anaerobic conditions with/without treatment of BBR in a 96-well plate. The absorbance of each well was recorded every hour. ( G and H ) The short-term antibacterial effect of BBR on S. mutans UA159 was assessed by measuring the average number of CFU. S. mutans UA159 was treated with BBR for 5 min ( G ) and 10 min ( H ). The suspensions were then diluted and plated onto BHIA plates and incubated under anaerobic conditions at 37°C for 24 h to determine CFU counts. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (** P ＜0.01, *** P ＜0.001).
    Figure Legend Snippet: Inhibitory effect of BBR on the growth of bacteria. ( A ) The MIC and MBC values of BBR against planktonic bacteria. 10 6 CFU/mL bacteria in BHI broth were incubated with final concentrations of BBR ranging from 25 to 400 μg/mL anaerobically at 37°C for 24 h. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentration of BBR that inhibited visible bacterial growth. At the termination of the MIC assay, a volume of the culture was struck on BHIA and incubated to observe growth. The MBC was defined as the lowest concentration that yielded no colony growth by subculturing on BHIA plates. ( B–F ) The 24 h growth curve of planktonic S. mutans UA159, S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mutans GS-5, S. gordonii DL-1, and S. mitis ATCC 6249 incubated under anaerobic conditions with/without treatment of BBR in a 96-well plate. The absorbance of each well was recorded every hour. ( G and H ) The short-term antibacterial effect of BBR on S. mutans UA159 was assessed by measuring the average number of CFU. S. mutans UA159 was treated with BBR for 5 min ( G ) and 10 min ( H ). The suspensions were then diluted and plated onto BHIA plates and incubated under anaerobic conditions at 37°C for 24 h to determine CFU counts. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (** P ＜0.01, *** P ＜0.001).

    Techniques Used: Bacteria, Incubation, Concentration Assay, Subculturing Assay

    Effect of BBR on the biofilm formation of S. mutans . In these assays, BBR was incubated with S. mutans in BHIS for 24 h to evaluate its effect on the biofilm formation. ( A ) The crystal violet staining of S. mutans 24 h biofilms under the treatment of BBR. The images were taken from a 24-well cell culture plate. ( B ) The results of the crystal violet staining assay applied to S. mutans biofilms after treated with different concentrations of BBR for 24 h in BHIS. ( C ) SEM micro-images of S. mutans 24 h biofilms on glass coverslips. In the control group, S. mutans bacteria formed dense biofilms covered with large amounts of EPS (red arrows). Disrupted biofilm skeleton (yellow arrows) and enlarged biofilm pores (green arrows) were observed under the treatment of 50 µg/mL of BBR. Only a small number of morphologically irregular S. mutans and cell contents were observed under the treatment of 100 µg/mL and 200 µg/mL of BBR (purple arrows). Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001).
    Figure Legend Snippet: Effect of BBR on the biofilm formation of S. mutans . In these assays, BBR was incubated with S. mutans in BHIS for 24 h to evaluate its effect on the biofilm formation. ( A ) The crystal violet staining of S. mutans 24 h biofilms under the treatment of BBR. The images were taken from a 24-well cell culture plate. ( B ) The results of the crystal violet staining assay applied to S. mutans biofilms after treated with different concentrations of BBR for 24 h in BHIS. ( C ) SEM micro-images of S. mutans 24 h biofilms on glass coverslips. In the control group, S. mutans bacteria formed dense biofilms covered with large amounts of EPS (red arrows). Disrupted biofilm skeleton (yellow arrows) and enlarged biofilm pores (green arrows) were observed under the treatment of 50 µg/mL of BBR. Only a small number of morphologically irregular S. mutans and cell contents were observed under the treatment of 100 µg/mL and 200 µg/mL of BBR (purple arrows). Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001).

    Techniques Used: Incubation, Staining, Cell Culture, Control, Bacteria

    Quantification of S. mutans biofilm after treatment of BBR. ( A ) Double-labeling imaging of S. mutans 24 h biofilms formed on glass coverslips. Live bacteria were green-labeled, and dead bacteria were red-labeled. ( B ) BBR reduced the proportion of live bacteria in S. mutans biofilms. ( C ) The effect of BBR on S. mutans biofilm formation was assessed by measuring the average number of CFU in the biofilm in one well of the culture plate. The analysis was performed using Image J COMSTAT software. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001).
    Figure Legend Snippet: Quantification of S. mutans biofilm after treatment of BBR. ( A ) Double-labeling imaging of S. mutans 24 h biofilms formed on glass coverslips. Live bacteria were green-labeled, and dead bacteria were red-labeled. ( B ) BBR reduced the proportion of live bacteria in S. mutans biofilms. ( C ) The effect of BBR on S. mutans biofilm formation was assessed by measuring the average number of CFU in the biofilm in one well of the culture plate. The analysis was performed using Image J COMSTAT software. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001).

    Techniques Used: Labeling, Imaging, Bacteria, Software

    Effect of BBR on eradicating the S. mutans mature biofilms. ( A ) Double-labeling imaging of S. mutans mature biofilms treated with BBR. Live and dead bacteria were green-labeled and red-labeled, respectively. ( B ) BBR decreases the proportion of live bacteria in S. mutans mature biofilms. ( C ) The effect of BBR on eradicating the S. mutans mature biofilms was measured by the determination of the average number of CFUs in the biofilm. The S. mutans biofilms were cultured for 24 h without BBR. Then, BBR solution was added to each well for another 24 h. The data were collected at 48 h. The analysis was performed using Image J COMSTAT software. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001).
    Figure Legend Snippet: Effect of BBR on eradicating the S. mutans mature biofilms. ( A ) Double-labeling imaging of S. mutans mature biofilms treated with BBR. Live and dead bacteria were green-labeled and red-labeled, respectively. ( B ) BBR decreases the proportion of live bacteria in S. mutans mature biofilms. ( C ) The effect of BBR on eradicating the S. mutans mature biofilms was measured by the determination of the average number of CFUs in the biofilm. The S. mutans biofilms were cultured for 24 h without BBR. Then, BBR solution was added to each well for another 24 h. The data were collected at 48 h. The analysis was performed using Image J COMSTAT software. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001).

    Techniques Used: Labeling, Imaging, Bacteria, Cell Culture, Software

    BBR inhibited S. mutans virulence factors. ( A ) Effect of BBR on the biofilm structure of S. mutans observed by CLSM. Double-labeling imaging of S. mutans 24 h biofilm formed on glass coverslips. The fluorescence (SYTO 9) marks the live bacteria, while the red fluorescence (Concanavalin A-TRITC) marks the EPS synthesized by S. mutans . ( B ) Quantification of the amounts of EPS and bacteria in each scanned layer of S. mutans 24 h biofilm without the treatment of BBR. ( C ) Quantification of the amounts of EPS and bacteria in each scanned layer of S. mutans 24 h biofilm with the treatment of 50 µg/mL BBR. ( D ) Quantitative measurement of water-insoluble EPS by anthrone-sulfuric method. ( E ) Measurement of lactic acid production. ( F and G ) Effect of BBR on S. mutans glycolytic pH drop under 1% ( F ) and 0.1% ( G ) glucose. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001).
    Figure Legend Snippet: BBR inhibited S. mutans virulence factors. ( A ) Effect of BBR on the biofilm structure of S. mutans observed by CLSM. Double-labeling imaging of S. mutans 24 h biofilm formed on glass coverslips. The fluorescence (SYTO 9) marks the live bacteria, while the red fluorescence (Concanavalin A-TRITC) marks the EPS synthesized by S. mutans . ( B ) Quantification of the amounts of EPS and bacteria in each scanned layer of S. mutans 24 h biofilm without the treatment of BBR. ( C ) Quantification of the amounts of EPS and bacteria in each scanned layer of S. mutans 24 h biofilm with the treatment of 50 µg/mL BBR. ( D ) Quantitative measurement of water-insoluble EPS by anthrone-sulfuric method. ( E ) Measurement of lactic acid production. ( F and G ) Effect of BBR on S. mutans glycolytic pH drop under 1% ( F ) and 0.1% ( G ) glucose. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001).

    Techniques Used: Labeling, Imaging, Fluorescence, Bacteria, Synthesized

    The bactericidal mechanism of BBR on S. mutans . ( A ) Effect of BBR on aggregation. ( B ) Membrane depolarization activity of BBR was tested using DiSC3(5). ( C ) TEM micrographs of S. mutans . Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (* P ＜0.05, *** P ＜0.001).
    Figure Legend Snippet: The bactericidal mechanism of BBR on S. mutans . ( A ) Effect of BBR on aggregation. ( B ) Membrane depolarization activity of BBR was tested using DiSC3(5). ( C ) TEM micrographs of S. mutans . Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (* P ＜0.05, *** P ＜0.001).

    Techniques Used: Membrane, Activity Assay

    Effects of BBR on S. mutans gene expression. The relative mRNA expressions of gtfB , gtfC , gtfD , ldh , vicR , liaR , and comD were measured by qRT-PCR. S. mutans UA159 16S rRNA was used as an internal control. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001, ns, not statistically significant compared to the untreated control group).
    Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of BBR on S. mutans gene expression. The relative mRNA expressions of gtfB , gtfC , gtfD , ldh , vicR , liaR , and comD were measured by qRT-PCR. S. mutans UA159 16S rRNA was used as an internal control. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001, ns, not statistically significant compared to the untreated control group).

    Techniques Used: Gene Expression, Quantitative RT-PCR, Control


    Figure Legend Snippet: Sequences of primers used in this study

    Techniques Used:



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    bacterial strain s mutans ua159  (ATCC)
    94
    ATCC bacterial strain s mutans ua159
    Inhibitory effect of BBR on the growth of bacteria. ( A ) The MIC and MBC values of BBR against planktonic bacteria. 10 6 CFU/mL bacteria in BHI broth were incubated with final concentrations of BBR ranging from 25 to 400 μg/mL anaerobically at 37°C for 24 h. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentration of BBR that inhibited visible bacterial growth. At the termination of the MIC assay, a volume of the culture was struck on BHIA and incubated to observe growth. The MBC was defined as the lowest concentration that yielded no colony growth by subculturing on BHIA plates. ( B–F ) The 24 h growth curve of planktonic S. mutans <t>UA159,</t> S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mutans GS-5, S. gordonii DL-1, and S. mitis ATCC 6249 incubated under anaerobic conditions with/without treatment of BBR in a 96-well plate. The absorbance of each well was recorded every hour. ( G and H ) The short-term antibacterial effect of BBR on S. mutans UA159 was assessed by measuring the average number of CFU. S. mutans UA159 was treated with BBR for 5 min ( G ) and 10 min ( H ). The suspensions were then diluted and plated onto BHIA plates and incubated under anaerobic conditions at 37°C for 24 h to determine CFU counts. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (** P ＜0.01, *** P ＜0.001).
    Bacterial Strain S Mutans Ua159, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/bacterial strain s mutans ua159/product/ATCC
    Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
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    s mutans ua159 bacterial strain  (ATCC)
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    ATCC s mutans ua159 bacterial strain
    Schematic illustration and graphical representation of the viability of S. mutans cultures after overnight incubation with polymerized discs containing peptide samples. S. mutans : a positive control without a disc.
    S Mutans Ua159 Bacterial Strain, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 98/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Average 98 stars, based on 1 article reviews
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    s mutans ua159 bacterial strain model  (ATCC)
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    ATCC s mutans ua159 bacterial strain model
    Schematic illustration (a) and graphical representation (b) of the viability of S. mutans cultures after overnight incubation with polymerized discs containing non-AMP-monomer and AMP-monomers. S. mutans: a positive control without a disc. Peptide control: MA-non-AMP with GGG as a spacer. MA-C0 is the methacrylate control polymer replacing methacrylate peptide conjugates with methacrylate monomer.
    S Mutans Ua159 Bacterial Strain Model, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 98/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/s mutans ua159 bacterial strain model/product/ATCC
    Average 98 stars, based on 1 article reviews
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    Inhibitory effect of BBR on the growth of bacteria. ( A ) The MIC and MBC values of BBR against planktonic bacteria. 10 6 CFU/mL bacteria in BHI broth were incubated with final concentrations of BBR ranging from 25 to 400 μg/mL anaerobically at 37°C for 24 h. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentration of BBR that inhibited visible bacterial growth. At the termination of the MIC assay, a volume of the culture was struck on BHIA and incubated to observe growth. The MBC was defined as the lowest concentration that yielded no colony growth by subculturing on BHIA plates. ( B–F ) The 24 h growth curve of planktonic S. mutans UA159, S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mutans GS-5, S. gordonii DL-1, and S. mitis ATCC 6249 incubated under anaerobic conditions with/without treatment of BBR in a 96-well plate. The absorbance of each well was recorded every hour. ( G and H ) The short-term antibacterial effect of BBR on S. mutans UA159 was assessed by measuring the average number of CFU. S. mutans UA159 was treated with BBR for 5 min ( G ) and 10 min ( H ). The suspensions were then diluted and plated onto BHIA plates and incubated under anaerobic conditions at 37°C for 24 h to determine CFU counts. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (** P ＜0.01, *** P ＜0.001).

    Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

    Article Title: Inhibitory effects of berberine against Streptococcus mutans : an in vitro insight on its anticaries potential

    doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00700-25

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibitory effect of BBR on the growth of bacteria. ( A ) The MIC and MBC values of BBR against planktonic bacteria. 10 6 CFU/mL bacteria in BHI broth were incubated with final concentrations of BBR ranging from 25 to 400 μg/mL anaerobically at 37°C for 24 h. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentration of BBR that inhibited visible bacterial growth. At the termination of the MIC assay, a volume of the culture was struck on BHIA and incubated to observe growth. The MBC was defined as the lowest concentration that yielded no colony growth by subculturing on BHIA plates. ( B–F ) The 24 h growth curve of planktonic S. mutans UA159, S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mutans GS-5, S. gordonii DL-1, and S. mitis ATCC 6249 incubated under anaerobic conditions with/without treatment of BBR in a 96-well plate. The absorbance of each well was recorded every hour. ( G and H ) The short-term antibacterial effect of BBR on S. mutans UA159 was assessed by measuring the average number of CFU. S. mutans UA159 was treated with BBR for 5 min ( G ) and 10 min ( H ). The suspensions were then diluted and plated onto BHIA plates and incubated under anaerobic conditions at 37°C for 24 h to determine CFU counts. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (** P ＜0.01, *** P ＜0.001).

    Article Snippet: The bacterial strain S. mutans UA159 was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Techniques: Bacteria, Incubation, Concentration Assay, Subculturing Assay

    Effect of BBR on the biofilm formation of S. mutans . In these assays, BBR was incubated with S. mutans in BHIS for 24 h to evaluate its effect on the biofilm formation. ( A ) The crystal violet staining of S. mutans 24 h biofilms under the treatment of BBR. The images were taken from a 24-well cell culture plate. ( B ) The results of the crystal violet staining assay applied to S. mutans biofilms after treated with different concentrations of BBR for 24 h in BHIS. ( C ) SEM micro-images of S. mutans 24 h biofilms on glass coverslips. In the control group, S. mutans bacteria formed dense biofilms covered with large amounts of EPS (red arrows). Disrupted biofilm skeleton (yellow arrows) and enlarged biofilm pores (green arrows) were observed under the treatment of 50 µg/mL of BBR. Only a small number of morphologically irregular S. mutans and cell contents were observed under the treatment of 100 µg/mL and 200 µg/mL of BBR (purple arrows). Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001).

    Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

    Article Title: Inhibitory effects of berberine against Streptococcus mutans : an in vitro insight on its anticaries potential

    doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00700-25

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of BBR on the biofilm formation of S. mutans . In these assays, BBR was incubated with S. mutans in BHIS for 24 h to evaluate its effect on the biofilm formation. ( A ) The crystal violet staining of S. mutans 24 h biofilms under the treatment of BBR. The images were taken from a 24-well cell culture plate. ( B ) The results of the crystal violet staining assay applied to S. mutans biofilms after treated with different concentrations of BBR for 24 h in BHIS. ( C ) SEM micro-images of S. mutans 24 h biofilms on glass coverslips. In the control group, S. mutans bacteria formed dense biofilms covered with large amounts of EPS (red arrows). Disrupted biofilm skeleton (yellow arrows) and enlarged biofilm pores (green arrows) were observed under the treatment of 50 µg/mL of BBR. Only a small number of morphologically irregular S. mutans and cell contents were observed under the treatment of 100 µg/mL and 200 µg/mL of BBR (purple arrows). Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001).

    Article Snippet: The bacterial strain S. mutans UA159 was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Techniques: Incubation, Staining, Cell Culture, Control, Bacteria

    Quantification of S. mutans biofilm after treatment of BBR. ( A ) Double-labeling imaging of S. mutans 24 h biofilms formed on glass coverslips. Live bacteria were green-labeled, and dead bacteria were red-labeled. ( B ) BBR reduced the proportion of live bacteria in S. mutans biofilms. ( C ) The effect of BBR on S. mutans biofilm formation was assessed by measuring the average number of CFU in the biofilm in one well of the culture plate. The analysis was performed using Image J COMSTAT software. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001).

    Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

    Article Title: Inhibitory effects of berberine against Streptococcus mutans : an in vitro insight on its anticaries potential

    doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00700-25

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Quantification of S. mutans biofilm after treatment of BBR. ( A ) Double-labeling imaging of S. mutans 24 h biofilms formed on glass coverslips. Live bacteria were green-labeled, and dead bacteria were red-labeled. ( B ) BBR reduced the proportion of live bacteria in S. mutans biofilms. ( C ) The effect of BBR on S. mutans biofilm formation was assessed by measuring the average number of CFU in the biofilm in one well of the culture plate. The analysis was performed using Image J COMSTAT software. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001).

    Article Snippet: The bacterial strain S. mutans UA159 was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Techniques: Labeling, Imaging, Bacteria, Software

    Effect of BBR on eradicating the S. mutans mature biofilms. ( A ) Double-labeling imaging of S. mutans mature biofilms treated with BBR. Live and dead bacteria were green-labeled and red-labeled, respectively. ( B ) BBR decreases the proportion of live bacteria in S. mutans mature biofilms. ( C ) The effect of BBR on eradicating the S. mutans mature biofilms was measured by the determination of the average number of CFUs in the biofilm. The S. mutans biofilms were cultured for 24 h without BBR. Then, BBR solution was added to each well for another 24 h. The data were collected at 48 h. The analysis was performed using Image J COMSTAT software. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001).

    Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

    Article Title: Inhibitory effects of berberine against Streptococcus mutans : an in vitro insight on its anticaries potential

    doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00700-25

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of BBR on eradicating the S. mutans mature biofilms. ( A ) Double-labeling imaging of S. mutans mature biofilms treated with BBR. Live and dead bacteria were green-labeled and red-labeled, respectively. ( B ) BBR decreases the proportion of live bacteria in S. mutans mature biofilms. ( C ) The effect of BBR on eradicating the S. mutans mature biofilms was measured by the determination of the average number of CFUs in the biofilm. The S. mutans biofilms were cultured for 24 h without BBR. Then, BBR solution was added to each well for another 24 h. The data were collected at 48 h. The analysis was performed using Image J COMSTAT software. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001).

    Article Snippet: The bacterial strain S. mutans UA159 was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Techniques: Labeling, Imaging, Bacteria, Cell Culture, Software

    BBR inhibited S. mutans virulence factors. ( A ) Effect of BBR on the biofilm structure of S. mutans observed by CLSM. Double-labeling imaging of S. mutans 24 h biofilm formed on glass coverslips. The fluorescence (SYTO 9) marks the live bacteria, while the red fluorescence (Concanavalin A-TRITC) marks the EPS synthesized by S. mutans . ( B ) Quantification of the amounts of EPS and bacteria in each scanned layer of S. mutans 24 h biofilm without the treatment of BBR. ( C ) Quantification of the amounts of EPS and bacteria in each scanned layer of S. mutans 24 h biofilm with the treatment of 50 µg/mL BBR. ( D ) Quantitative measurement of water-insoluble EPS by anthrone-sulfuric method. ( E ) Measurement of lactic acid production. ( F and G ) Effect of BBR on S. mutans glycolytic pH drop under 1% ( F ) and 0.1% ( G ) glucose. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001).

    Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

    Article Title: Inhibitory effects of berberine against Streptococcus mutans : an in vitro insight on its anticaries potential

    doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00700-25

    Figure Lengend Snippet: BBR inhibited S. mutans virulence factors. ( A ) Effect of BBR on the biofilm structure of S. mutans observed by CLSM. Double-labeling imaging of S. mutans 24 h biofilm formed on glass coverslips. The fluorescence (SYTO 9) marks the live bacteria, while the red fluorescence (Concanavalin A-TRITC) marks the EPS synthesized by S. mutans . ( B ) Quantification of the amounts of EPS and bacteria in each scanned layer of S. mutans 24 h biofilm without the treatment of BBR. ( C ) Quantification of the amounts of EPS and bacteria in each scanned layer of S. mutans 24 h biofilm with the treatment of 50 µg/mL BBR. ( D ) Quantitative measurement of water-insoluble EPS by anthrone-sulfuric method. ( E ) Measurement of lactic acid production. ( F and G ) Effect of BBR on S. mutans glycolytic pH drop under 1% ( F ) and 0.1% ( G ) glucose. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001).

    Article Snippet: The bacterial strain S. mutans UA159 was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Techniques: Labeling, Imaging, Fluorescence, Bacteria, Synthesized

    The bactericidal mechanism of BBR on S. mutans . ( A ) Effect of BBR on aggregation. ( B ) Membrane depolarization activity of BBR was tested using DiSC3(5). ( C ) TEM micrographs of S. mutans . Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (* P ＜0.05, *** P ＜0.001).

    Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

    Article Title: Inhibitory effects of berberine against Streptococcus mutans : an in vitro insight on its anticaries potential

    doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00700-25

    Figure Lengend Snippet: The bactericidal mechanism of BBR on S. mutans . ( A ) Effect of BBR on aggregation. ( B ) Membrane depolarization activity of BBR was tested using DiSC3(5). ( C ) TEM micrographs of S. mutans . Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (* P ＜0.05, *** P ＜0.001).

    Article Snippet: The bacterial strain S. mutans UA159 was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Techniques: Membrane, Activity Assay

    Effects of BBR on S. mutans gene expression. The relative mRNA expressions of gtfB , gtfC , gtfD , ldh , vicR , liaR , and comD were measured by qRT-PCR. S. mutans UA159 16S rRNA was used as an internal control. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001, ns, not statistically significant compared to the untreated control group).

    Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

    Article Title: Inhibitory effects of berberine against Streptococcus mutans : an in vitro insight on its anticaries potential

    doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00700-25

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of BBR on S. mutans gene expression. The relative mRNA expressions of gtfB , gtfC , gtfD , ldh , vicR , liaR , and comD were measured by qRT-PCR. S. mutans UA159 16S rRNA was used as an internal control. Values represent the means ± SD from three independent experiments (*** P ＜0.001, ns, not statistically significant compared to the untreated control group).

    Article Snippet: The bacterial strain S. mutans UA159 was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Techniques: Gene Expression, Quantitative RT-PCR, Control

    Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

    Article Title: Inhibitory effects of berberine against Streptococcus mutans : an in vitro insight on its anticaries potential

    doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00700-25

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Sequences of primers used in this study

    Article Snippet: The bacterial strain S. mutans UA159 was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Techniques:

    Schematic illustration and graphical representation of the viability of S. mutans cultures after overnight incubation with polymerized discs containing peptide samples. S. mutans : a positive control without a disc.

    Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

    Article Title: Reconfigurable Dual Peptide Tethered Polymer System Offers a Synergistic Solution for Next Generation Dental Adhesives

    doi: 10.3390/ijms22126552

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic illustration and graphical representation of the viability of S. mutans cultures after overnight incubation with polymerized discs containing peptide samples. S. mutans : a positive control without a disc.

    Article Snippet: S. mutans UA159 bacterial strain was from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 700610; Manassas, VA, USA).

    Techniques: Incubation, Positive Control

    Schematic illustration (a) and graphical representation (b) of the viability of S. mutans cultures after overnight incubation with polymerized discs containing non-AMP-monomer and AMP-monomers. S. mutans: a positive control without a disc. Peptide control: MA-non-AMP with GGG as a spacer. MA-C0 is the methacrylate control polymer replacing methacrylate peptide conjugates with methacrylate monomer.

    Journal: ACS applied polymer materials

    Article Title: Antimicrobial Peptide–Polymer Conjugates for Dentistry

    doi: 10.1021/acsapm.9b00921

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic illustration (a) and graphical representation (b) of the viability of S. mutans cultures after overnight incubation with polymerized discs containing non-AMP-monomer and AMP-monomers. S. mutans: a positive control without a disc. Peptide control: MA-non-AMP with GGG as a spacer. MA-C0 is the methacrylate control polymer replacing methacrylate peptide conjugates with methacrylate monomer.

    Article Snippet: The antimicrobial efficacy of control formulations, AMPs only, and MA-AMP monomers was assessed by using an S. mutans UA159 bacterial strain model (American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 700610).

    Techniques: Incubation, Positive Control

    Schematic illustration (a) and the graphical presentation (b) of the viability of S. mutans cultures after overnight incubation with polymerized discs containing different cross-linker concentration. S. mutans: a positive control without a disc. Peptide control: MA-non-AMP with GGG as a spacer.

    Journal: ACS applied polymer materials

    Article Title: Antimicrobial Peptide–Polymer Conjugates for Dentistry

    doi: 10.1021/acsapm.9b00921

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic illustration (a) and the graphical presentation (b) of the viability of S. mutans cultures after overnight incubation with polymerized discs containing different cross-linker concentration. S. mutans: a positive control without a disc. Peptide control: MA-non-AMP with GGG as a spacer.

    Article Snippet: The antimicrobial efficacy of control formulations, AMPs only, and MA-AMP monomers was assessed by using an S. mutans UA159 bacterial strain model (American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 700610).

    Techniques: Incubation, Concentration Assay, Positive Control